Saturday, March 21, 2020

The Wonderful World of Navajo Folk Art


I readily admit to a lifelong fascination of and involvement in American Folk Art. Back in 1970, as a photojournalism student at the University of Kentucky, I worked with Professor Michael D. Hall to introduce the work of master Appalachian woodcarver Edgar Tolson. Many scholars consider our modest exhibition in the Student Center Art Gallery to be the genesis of 20th-century American folk art. Until then, art critics and connoisseurs thought of the genre in terms of 19th-century weathervanes, whirligigs, or advertising signs. Scholars believed that the age of naive, self-trained artists had disappeared.

The spirit of folk art, however, was very much alive. In mountain hollers, Mississippi senior citizen centers, a mission in Sweetwater, Arizona, and untold other unexpected sites, “naïve” or self-taught artists were making their own artistic statements.

Tolson’s work exploded on the national art scene and his work was featured in the prestigious Whitney Biennial and major American museums. Collectors clamored for his work. Several of Edgar’s neighbors in Eastern Kentucky began producing their own personal expressions and a new market was established almost overnight. This grass-roots art movement meant a chance for income to some of the most poverty-cursed areas of the nation. It also allowed some gifted artists and craftsmen the chance to express themselves in woodcarvings, pottery, paintings, and other imaginative art forms.

Folk art has been defined as the creations of self-taught artisans, working within a framework of their own community’s traditions and cultures. Among the Navajo people, objects like carved wooden figures and ceremonial baskets were strictly limited by tribal taboos and not meant for casual self-expression. In the 1980s, Jack Beasley, a trader in Farmington, New Mexico, recognized and encouraged Navajo craftsmen to try their hand at this emerging art form. Early Navajo pioneers included Clitso Dedman, Charlie Willeto, Woody Herbert, and the irrepressible grande dame of the movement, Mamie Deschillie.

For several years in the late 1990s, Susie and I operated our own gallery in Cortez, Colorado, called Folk Art of the Four Corners. We took the work nationwide by participating in shows and art fairs from Atlanta to San Francisco and nearly every place in between. 

Twin Rocks Trading Post has been working with talented self-trained folk artists over 30 years. Most critics agree that folk art is marked by asymmetrical lines, vivid colors, and a sense of whimsy and humor. If that is so, few contemporary folk artists excel the work of Matthew Yellowman. Carvings like his large and vivid Cowboy Chicken, or Roadrunners in tennis shoes, bring smiles to everyone who views them. American popular culture has for too long depicted Native Americans as formal and solemn, when in reality, few people value wit and humor more than Navajos. They delight in puns and jokes and their folk art reflects this, and few craftsmen express it as clearly as Matthew.

Dennis Ross is another of our featured artists, and his work typically reflects the Navajo world in a different, idealized form. Dennis depicts a past era in which the Diné dressed in their traditional clothing and jewelry. His wood carvings reflect his combined Navajo and Hopi heritage. As large and jolly as Dennis Ross is in person, his woodcarvings are elegant, elongated, and sophisticated.

Much of the work of Marvin Jim looks into the distant past of Navajo legend and lore. He carves powerful renditions of the earliest days, when humans and animals lived as one and wild beasts proudly wore their blankets, moccasins, and formal jewelry, walking and talking with humans. Legend has it the animals grew tired of dealing with the frustrating humans and decided to drop down on all fours and return to their natural state, without human fashions or complications. Marvin’s imagination and superior wood-crafting skills brings the ancient stories alive as no other contemporary Native artisan.

So, this is a confession that I, Rick Bell, continue to be a committed fan of American folk art, and especially that of the Navajo people. When I see someone bring into the trading post a piece that is new, original, and entirely personal, it always brightens my day.

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